Are abdominal cramps normal if you aren’t bleeding? Gynecologists say there isn’t always a simple answer. It is common for people to experience painful muscle cramps during the menstrual cycle due to the contraction of the uterus to help remove the blood and other tissues from the body.
In most cases, the causes of pain in the pelvic region relate to reproductive organs. However, they are not the only possible causes. Abdominal pain can be challenging to diagnose, especially if you’re not a doctor. Due to the many body parts in your pelvic area, the cause is often unclear. Here are some gynecologists’ tips on what to do if you’re cramping without your period.
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Pregnancy
Julia Cron, M.D., site chief and vice chair of the Gynecology department, said, “Early pregnancy can cause cramping. Women who are not on birth control and sexually active with male partners and have their period should first consider pregnancy.”
Ectopic Pregnancy
Extending the fertilized egg outside the uterus is known as ectopic pregnancy. According to The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, it can cause cramping and abnormal vaginal bleeding. Still, if left untreated, it can cause a life-threatening tube rupture.
Hormonal Birth Control
Dr. Cron explains that most women do not bleed if taking medication that thins their uterine lining. “Most notably, that would be birth control pills. It’s normal for people not to have their period on birth control pills.” She says hormonal IUDs can cause the same problem. These instances may cause abdominal discomfort but not menstrual bleeding.
Miscarriage
While bleeding is the most apparent sign of miscarriage, cramps, back pain, or decreased pregnancy symptoms can also indicate a pregnancy loss. A miscarriage may occur even before you realize you are pregnant.
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Ovarian Cyst
An ovary cyst is a sac of fluid that forms inside or on an ovary. No symptoms usually occur when an egg is released. However, in some instances, ovarian cysts can cause pain, bloating, or abdominal swelling.
Cramping Without Period? Here’s What To Do
If you’re a female who is sexually active with a male, Dr. Cron recommends taking a pregnancy test if you’re cramping with a missed period. You should pay attention to your body if you aren’t pregnant. Doctors can help if you cannot determine the cause of your symptoms.